The stator or the stationary part consists of three phase winding held in place in the slots of a laminated steel core which is enclosed and supported by a cast iron or a steel frame as shown in. Designing of three phase squirrel cage induction motor for. Today, i am going to tell you about a wound rotor induction motor, which is also a type of 3 phase induction motor. Three phase squirrelcage induction motors are widely used as industrial drives because they are selfstarting, reliable and economical.
The major difference between them is that transformer is static in nature i. Thus from the working principle of three phase induction motor, it may be observed that the rotor speed should not reach the synchronous speed produced by the stator. These are excited by a balanced three phase voltage supply. The stator carries a 3 phase winding called stator winding while the rotor carries a shortcircuited winding called rotor winding only the stator winding is fed from the 3 phase supply. Induction motor totallyenclosed fancooled nema standard epact three phase induction motors sdesign versatility teco totally enclosed fan cooled squirrelcage induction motors are designed, manufactured and tested to meet or exceed the latest nema, ieee, csa and. Threephase induction motor showing stator, rotor, and schematic representation of yconnected stator winding. Herein, a model of 126hp rated threephase induction motor driving step input loads at. Windingrotor arrangements for 3 phase induction machine three phase slip ring induction motor. Construction of three phase induction motor my tech info.
Applications of threephase induction motors of size varying from half a kilowatt to thousands. Be careful it can hurt to tangle with a three phase motor. The performance over a wide range of applications makes three phase induction motors accountable for 85 percent of the installed capacity of the industrial driving systems. In this chapter, we shall focus our attention on the construction. Pdf performance study of threephase induction motor driving a load. A general model of three phase induction motor has been presented and its simulation has been carried out by using subblocks.
A wound rotor or slip ring motor has a 3phase winding, similar to the stator winding. The most common type of ac motor being used throughout the work today is the induction motor. Oct 05, 2016 i would discuss advantages of a 3 phase induction motor later in this article. A 3 phase induction motor can be used for different applications with various speed and load requirements. Always the stator and rotor is separated with a small air gap ranging from 0. A three phase induction motor runs on a three phase ac supply. Watch this video to understand the working principals of the three phase induction motors. A single phase induction motor is inherently not selfstaring can be shown easily. The basic idea of an electric motor is to generate two magnetic fields.
Ac induction motors are also the most common motors used in main powered home appliances. Advantages of 3 phase induction motor generally easy to build and cheaper than corresponding dc or synchronous motors induction motor is robust. An electrical motor is a device that has brought about one of the biggest advancements in the fields of engineering and technology ever since the invention. Motors are susceptible to the gradual failure of their insulation resistance. For reason of economy, most houses, offices and also rural areas are supplied with single phase a. Starting method for induction motors a 3 phase induction motor is theoretically self starting. Apr 07, 2020 ppt three phase induction motor electrical engineering ee notes edurev is made by best teachers of electrical engineering ee. Electric motor construction of induction motors britannica. Y2 series three phase induction motor i asynchronous motor y2 series three phase asynchronous motor is a kind of totally enclosed fancooled tefc squirrelcage induction motor.
A lim operates under the same principles as its ac rotary motor counterpart, typically powered by a three phase voltage scheme with a. List and describe the more commonly used equipment in an electric substation. Unit 4 three phase induction motor rajkumar kuppapillai. As previously, we have covered a lot of important topics. Learn a brief history of the electrical power systems construction. Construction of any part of the motor separately has caused that reader cannot communicate suitably with. Safety information 1 description 2 transport, assembly, and connection 3 startup 4 operation 5 faults 6 maintenance 7 spare parts 8 notes 9 three phase induction motor. Types and construction of three phase induction motor. The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low cost and easy to maintain. Induction machines guru nanak dev engineering college, ludhiana.
The design of y2 series induction motor absorbed the advanced technology of electric motors around the world. The threephase induction motor is the extensively used for various kinds of industrial drives. The stator carries a 3phase winding called stator winding while the rotor carries a shortcircuited winding called rotor winding. Safety information 1 description 2 transport, assembly, and connection 3 startup 4 operation 5 faults 6 maintenance 7 spare parts 8 notes 9 threephase induction motor. Threephase induction motor protection systems and its. Parida department of electrical engineering national institute of technology, silchar,assam, india email.
The friction and windage losses are 600 w, the core losses are 1800 w, and the stray losses are negligible. Download 3 phase induction motor powerpoint presentation. The stator or the stationary part consists of three phase winding held in place in the slots of a laminated steel core which is enclosed and supported by a cast iron or a steel frame as shown in fig. Nov 27, 2019 the three phase induction motor is the most widely used electrical motor. Three phase induction motor construction your electrical guide. Internet based speed control and torque analysis of a 3phase. And in the last sections of this article, i will share some knowledge about the starting problem of a single phase induction motor and give a comparison of 3 phase and single phase induction motors. The induction motor stator resembles the stator of a revolving field, three phase alternator. A 480v, 60 hz, 50hp, three phase induction motor is drawing 60 a at 0. This would result in a balanced three phase current.
A single phase induction motor needs a starter configuration to provide the starting torque while a 3 phase motor can be inherently selfstarting as the different phases can be manipulated to start the rotor moving. The rotor is a moving component of an electromagnetic system in the electric motor, electric. A 3 phase induction motor uses current delivered in three phases in a sequence into the coils of a stator to create a rotating magnetic field. Single phase induction motor the engineering projects. Kanpur, india design of a three phase squirrel cage induction motor for electric propulsion system ravi prakash,mohammad junaidakhtar, r. Dq based modeling of three phase induction motor is presented in this model. Library site has several downloadable acrobat files on motors and efficiency. The single phase induction motor resembles, three phase, squirrelcage motor except that, single phase induction motor has no starting torque and some special arrangement have to be made to make it as self starting.
This paper explores the construction process of a linear induction motor lim, the basic concepts behind key aspects of linear induction machines construction and the testing process of a working. They run at a constant speed from noload to the full load. These motors run conveyor belts, pumps, fans, and many other applications. Lamination is necessary since a voltage is induced along the axial length of the steel as well as in the stator conductors. This field produces an emf in the rotor winding by mutual induction principle, which in turn circulates current when the rotor is short circuited. Assuming that the stator resistance r1 is measured at dc and that phase power. Motors specification of electric motors marshall wolf automation. Construction of induction motor the three phase induction motor is a preferable type of motor.
Physical layout of induction motor in an induction motor induction refers the field in the rotor is induced by the stator currents and asynchronous refers that the rotor speed is not equal to the stator speed. First of all, i am going to discuss about the construction of 3 phase induction motor and then i will. A linear induction motor lim is a specific type of alternating current ac motor designed to produce motion in a straight line. In certain applications, such as in regenerative braking with traction motors, electric motors can be used in. Applications of three phase induction motors of size varying from half a kilowatt to thousands of kilowatts are numerous. What is common to all the members of this family is that the basic physical process involved in their operation is the conversion of electromagnetic energy. An induction motor can therefore be made without electrical connections to the rotor. Ppt threephase induction motor electrical engineering. An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical.
Speed torque characteristics of 3 phase induction motor duration. The 3 phase set of currents, each of equal magnitude and with a phase. Let us discuss on basic information about this motor and its special controlling technique of svpwm. Electric motor electric motor construction of induction motors. Frequency converters, for variable speed control of threephase induction motors. Nov 27, 2019 thus from the working principle of three phase induction motor, it may be observed that the rotor speed should not reach the synchronous speed produced by the stator. If the speeds become equal, there would be no such relative speed, so no emf induced in the rotor, and no current would be flowing, and therefore no torque would be generated. The stator copper losses are 2 kw, and the rotor copper losses are 700 w.
The difference in speed between rotor, the synchronous speed and the rotating. The topic lies under the basic electrical and electronics engineering course that. There are two basic reasons for the use of single phase motors rather than 3 phase motors. Construction of three phase induction motor consist of 2 important parts namely stator and rotor. Types, construction and principle of operation, 3 phase induction motor, general phasor diagram, equivalent circuit, power and torque relations, condition for.
In my last article, we have discussed squirrel cage induction motor which is a type of 3 phase induction motor. Theory and analysis of three phase induction motor using. Whenever the motor temperature is equal to and below. Three phase dualvoltage motor insulation resistance testing three phase dualvoltage motors are used for most daytoday operations in todays industrial plants. Nov 04, 2012 introductionan induction motor im is a type ofasynchronous acmotor where power is supplied to therotating device bymeans ofelectromagneticinduction three phase induction motors 4. Threephase induction motor operating instructions 1ph722.
Power factor control and direct torque control can help to boost the performance of a three phase induction motor drive. The rotor of the squirrel cage three phase induction motor is cylindrical in shape and have slots on. The three phase induction motors are simple in construction, rugged, low. Feb 15, 2017 construction of 3 phase induction motor smile and learn. Equations 1 3 represent the currents that ow in the three phase windings.
What is common to all the members of this family is that the basic physical process involved in their operation is the conversion of electromagnetic energy to mechanical energy, and vice versa. The motor efficiency class and nominal motor efficiency must be stated on the motor nameplate and given in product documentation and motor catalogues. Historythe induction motor with a wrapped rotor wasinvented by nikola tesla in 1888 in the unitedstates. Third international conference on advances in control and optimization of dynamical systems march 15, 2014. Squirrel cage induction motors a stator construction. A 3 phase induction motor has two main parts i stator and ii rotor. With the single phase motor, the starting torque is generally smaller than the operating torque, while the three phase motor features a relatively greater starting torque.
Typical power factor and efficiency of three phase 60 hz nema b induction. The three phase induction motor is the most widely used electrical motor. The rotor will constantly be turning to align its magnetic field with that of the stator field. Threephase dualvoltage motor insulation resistance testing. Single phase induction motors are used where three phase power is not available. The rotor winding terminals are brought out and attached to the three slips rings with. A poly phase induction motor consists of two major parts, the stator and rotor. Construction of three phase induction motor like any electric motor, a 3phase induction motor has a stator and a rotor.
Three phase induction motors are further divided into two types. A wound rotor has a 3phase winding, similar to the one on the. The stator of an induction motor consists of 3 phase windings, which when connected to a 3 phase supply creates a rotating magnetic field. These motors are squirrel and slipring type induction motors. Construction of three phase induction motor electrical4u. Handbook vlt frequency converters facts worth knowing. Further, in an induction machine, the windings are not all located in the same. The same field is utilized by one of the stator windings to work as an induction motor to meet mechanical load while, a three phase emf is induced in the other two sets of windings. Today we are going to made available a powerpoint presentation file for all. What are the advantages of a three phase induction motor.
Lets now take a look on construction of a single phase induction motor. The video tutorial is essentially a part of the basic electrical and electronics engineering. This document is highly rated by electrical engineering ee students and has been viewed 2456 times. Pdf on may 3, 2019, ahmed m t ibraheem alnaib and others published single phase induction motors find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. These stator and rotors are made up of highmagnetic core materials with less hysteresis and eddy current losses. Rewinding of motors pdf the information in this report and the good practice guide to maintain motor efficiency part 2 was. They have very simple and rugged almost unbreakable construction. Y2 series 3 phase induction motors are characterized with. Squirrel cage induction motor and wound rotor induction motor based on the construction of rotor. An induction motor also known as an asynchronous motor is a commonly used ac electric motor.
This induces an electric field in a coil or squirrel cage to drive a rotor. There are two types of rotors which are employed in 3 phase induction motor. The rotor is separated from the stator by a small airgap which ranges from 0. Almost 80% of the mechanical power used by industries is provided by three phase induction motors because of its simple and rugged construction, low cost, good operating characteristics, the absence of commutator and good speed regulation. Mostafa elshahed objectives learn a brief history of the electrical power systems construction. The threephase induction is now used for the vast majority of commercial applications. Fcs are now used in an expanding range of applications, with the following main objectives in mind. The stator frame consists of laminations of silicon steel, usually with a thickness of about 0. Like any electric motor, a 3 phase induction motor has a stator and a rotor. Threephase induction motor ac compact drives type 1pl622. Three phase induction motor consists of a stator and a rotor, and there is no electrical connection between these two. Introduction types of electrical machines types of 3ph induction motor basic principle working principle compnents of induction motor application comparision between 1ph i. In a threephase induction machine, alternating current supplied to the stator windings.
Wound rotor induction motor the engineering projects. It is also called asynchronous motor because it does not run at a synchronous speed. Simulink model of three phase induction motor file. An induction motors rotor can be either wound type or squirrelcage type. In this case, power flows from the mechanical system, to the rotor circuit, then across the air gap to the stator circuit and external electrical system. The rotor of three phase induction motor consists of a cylindrical laminated core with parallel slots that can carry conductors.
Today fcs are an increasingly important component for optimising motor operation, and the system attached to the motor. On this topic, i will explain in details about 3 phase induction motor construction before we talked about parts of the electric motor generally but on this topic, we will go deep for 3 phase induction motor construction only. It is mostly used in industrial drives because it is very reasonable and vigorous, economical and reliable. Although single phase induction motor is more simple in construction and is cheaper than a 3 phase induction motor of the same frame size, it is less efficient and it operates at lower power factor. Design of a three phase squirrel cage induction motor for. Single phase induction motors are used extensively for smaller loads, such as household appliances like fans. In this work a conventional three phase squirrelcage type induction motor with specifications 10 hp, 415v, stardelta connected and 4 poles is chosen for comparison with our motor, which is designed for good efficiency. The rotor winding terminals are connected to three slip rings which turn with the rotor. Therefore, these motors are frequently used in industry.
Scope regulation eu 42014 covers single speed, three phase, 50 hz and 60 hz induction motors with. A successful salesman for general electrics motor division once remarked to one of your instructors that, when asked by a customer how a motor. An induction motor s rotor can be either wound type or squirrelcage type. The conductors are heavy copper or aluminum bars fitted in each slot and shortcircuited by the end rings. Pdf construction of three phase linear induction motor.
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